Gastroparesis symptom improvement occurred in 9 of 10 patients. Although routine post-operative voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) was not performed to rule out the possibility of iatrogenic reflux, neither study reported postoperative urinary tract infection based on urinalysis and symptom presentation. Hematuria and post-operative pain are the most common symptoms observed following toxin injection, however, no data exists to suggest a dose dependent nature to these effects. Pain receptors nociceptors help the brain know that we are interacting with something potentially dangerous. There are two types of Botox, one is for medical purposes and another one is for cosmetic therapy. To date, only one report evaluated overall adverse events utilizing a direct comparison of two Botox doses. Aesthetic doctor is the one who operates to change or alter the appearance, shade, surface, composition or position of the bodily features which to the one operated is normal. BTX injection is initiated with standard cystoscopy in the dorsal lithotomy position. Alternative data suggests that the local action of intra-detrusor BTX injection may effect a functional motor inhibition not associated with neuronal death.

The degree of improvement was 61.1 ± 4.6%. Common side‐effects included a brief period of breathy hypophonia (8.5 ± 2.5 days) and a mild sensation of choking/aspiration of fluids (1.7 ± 0.6 days); there were no serious adverse effect. Smith et al. reported that maximal efficacy was seen between 7 and 30 days following intradetrusor injection of BTX (16). Time to maximal efficacy was defined using patient interview conducted via telephone consultation or during clinic visit. Methods: 37 female Wistar Albino rats were given high calorie diet for 90 days. There are many drugs such as aspirin, acetaminophen, Digitalis, and many others that are harmful when consumed at high level. Foremost, significant side effects associated with BTX injection are uncommon. Due to the expanding number of urologic BTX applications (e.g. IC and BPH), this review will center on the most widespread application of BTX injection for DO. In addition, it was believed that injection of the dense trigonal innervation from both sensory, adrenergic, and non-cholinergic pathways might complicate the efficacy analysis of a cholinergic blockade.

Two investigations have specifically evaluated the efficacy of BTX in patients undergoing repeat injection. Arguably, the most important immediate obstacle to the more successful widespread urologic utilization of BTX is the lack of a standardized technique for intravesical BTX administration. Whether these protocols were adapted based on similar concerns, simply a lack of other protocols to define trigonal inclusion, or for other reasons is unclear. This article reviews the common protocols reported in the literature with specific focus on injection dose, distribution, and volume. Using a 300 U dose, Kessler et al. Non-responders to 500 SU also failed to achieve a response using a 1000 SU dose, suggesting that the overall efficacy rates are similar when using both doses. Based on these data, it appears that the efficacy of BTX injection continues in the majority of patients undergoing repeat injection. Foremost, this variation makes systematic assessment of the safety and efficacy of BTX difficult.

BTX injection is performed at our center using intravenous sedation. Although there is evidence of weight loss in normal-weight rats after Botox-A injection, there are no studies indicating the effect of Botox-A injection on weight loss and gastric emptying time in obese rats. Although very unlikely, a small percentage of patients may suffer the side effect of an extreme adverse reaction to Botox. Alternatively, a flexible cystoscope can be used and may be better suited for injection in the clinic setting, especially with the male patient. It is better that you clarify the ambiguities in your mind at the early stage than regretting it later on. Significant subjective and objective improvement was seen in the two study arms, including improved continence, bladder capacity, and maximum detrusor pressure. Despite the initial success achieved via BTX injection in the treatment of voiding dysfunction, further improvement is necessary. A variety of cystoscopic equipment has been used to perform BTX injection.